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Below is a list of all of the studies that are referenced on this site. If you would like to read an entire study, we recommend searching the last name of the first author, the year, and the subject in your search engine.

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You can find photo citations here: Photo Citations

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Advokat, C. D., Comaty, J. E., & Julien, R. M. (2019). Juliens primer of drug action: A comprehensive guide to the actions, uses, and side effects of psychoactive drugs. New York: Worth.

 

Amoroso, T., & Workman, M. (2016). Treating posttraumatic stress disorder with MDMA-assisted psychotherapy: A preliminary meta-analysis and comparison to prolonged exposure therapy. Journal of Psychopharmacology, 30(7), 595-600. doi:10.1177/0269881116642542

 

Amsterdam, J. V., Opperhuizen, A., & Brink, W. V. (2011). Harm potential of magic mushroom use: A review. Regulatory Toxicology and Pharmacology, 59(3), 423-429. doi:10.1016/j.yrtph.2011.01.006

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Brambilla, R., Vigna-Taglianti, F., Avanzi, G., Faggiano, F., & Leone, M. (2012). Gamma-hydroxybutyrate (GHB) for mid/long term treatment of alcohol dependence: A systematic review. Rivista Di Psichiatria, 47(4), 269-280. Retrieved September 23, 2021.

 

Bogenschutz, M. P., & Pommy, J. M. (2012). Therapeutic mechanisms of classic hallucinogens in the treatment of addictions: From indirect evidence to testable hypotheses. Drug Testing and Analysis, 4(7-8), 543-555. doi:10.1002/dta.1376

 

Bogenschutz, M. P., Forcehimes, A. A., Pommy, J. A., Wilcox, C. E., Barbosa, P., & Strassman, R. J. (2015). Psilocybin-assisted treatment for alcohol dependence: A proof-of-concept study. Journal of Psychopharmacology, 29(3), 289-299. doi:10.1177/0269881114565144

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Bratsos, S., & Saleh, S. N. (2019). Clinical Efficacy of Ketamine for Treatment-resistant Depression. Cureus. doi:10.7759/cureus.5189

 

Caputo, F., Vignoli, T., Maremmani, I., Bernardi, M., & Zoli, G. (2009). Gamma Hydroxybutyric Acid (GHB) for the Treatment of Alcohol Dependence: A Review. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 6(6), 1917-1929. doi:10.3390/ijerph6061917

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Carhart-Harris, R. L., Erritzoe, D., Williams, T., Stone, J. M., Reed, L. J., Colasanti, A., . . . Nutt, D. J. (2012). Neural correlates of the psychedelic state as determined by fMRI studies with psilocybin. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 109(6), 2138-2143. doi:10.1073/pnas.1119598109

 

Carhart-Harris, R. L., Muthukumaraswamy, S., Roseman, L., Kaelen, M., Droog, W., Murphy, K., . . . Nutt, D. J. (2016). Neural correlates of the LSD experience revealed by multimodal neuroimaging. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 113(17), 4853-4858. doi:10.1073/pnas.1518377113

 

Davis, A. K., So, S., Lancelotta, R., Barsuglia, J. P., & Griffiths, R. R. (2019). 5-methoxy-N,N-dimethyltryptamine (5-MeO-DMT) used in a naturalistic group setting is associated with unintended improvements in depression and anxiety. The American Journal of Drug and Alcohol Abuse, 45(2), 161-169. doi:10.1080/00952990.2018.1545024

 

De Gregorio, D., Popic, J. P., Enns, J. K., Inserra, A. P., Skalecka, A. U., Markopoulos, A. U., . . . Gobbi, G. U. (2021). Lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD) promotes social behavior through mTORC1 in the excitatory neurotransmission. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 118(5). doi:10.1073/pnas.2020705118

 

Frecska, E., Bokor, P., & Winkelman, M. (2016). The Therapeutic Potentials of Ayahuasca: Possible Effects against Various Diseases of Civilization. Frontiers in Pharmacology, 7. doi:10.3389/fphar.2016.00035

 

Frood, A. (2015). Ayahuasca psychedelic tested for depression. Nature. doi:10.1038/nature.2015.17252

 

Fuentes, J. J., Fonseca, F., Elices, M., Farré, M., & Torrens, M. (2020). Therapeutic Use of LSD in Psychiatry: A Systematic Review of Randomized-Controlled Clinical Trials. Frontiers in Psychiatry, 10. doi:10.3389/fpsyt.2019.00943

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Gallimberti, L., Cibin, M., Pagnin, P., Sabbion, R., Pani, P. P., Pirastu, R., . . . Gessa, G. L. (1993). Gamma-Hydroxybutyric Acid for Treatment of Opiate Withdrawal Syndrome. Neuropsychopharmacology, 9(1), 77-81. doi:10.1038/npp.1993.45

 

Gasser, P., Kirchner, K., & Passie, T. (2015). LSD-assisted psychotherapy for anxiety associated with a life-threatening disease: A qualitative study of acute and sustained subjective effects. Journal of Psychopharmacology, 29(1), 57-68. doi:10.1177/0269881114555249

 

González, D., Torrens, M., & Farré, M. (2015). Acute Effects of the Novel Psychoactive Drug 2C-B on Emotions. BioMed Research International, 2015, 1-9. doi:10.1155/2015/643878

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Grady, S. E., Marsh, T. A., Tenhouse, A., & Klein, K. (2017). Ketamine for the treatment of major depressive disorder and bipolar depression: A review of the literature. Mental Health Clinician, 7(1), 16-23. doi:10.9740/mhc.2017.01.016

 

Griffiths, R. R., Johnson, M. W., Carducci, M. A., Umbricht, A., Richards, W. A., Richards, B. D., . . . Klinedinst, M. A. (2016). Psilocybin produces substantial and sustained decreases in depression and anxiety in patients with life-threatening cancer: A randomized double-blind trial. Journal of Psychopharmacology, 30(12), 1181-1197. doi:10.1177/0269881116675513

 

Grob, C. S., Danforth, A. L., & Chopra, G. S. (2011). Pilot Study of Psilocybin Treatment for Anxiety in Patients With Advanced-Stage Cancer. Arch Gen Psychiatry.

 

Johnson, M. W., Garcia-Romeu, A., Cosimano, M. P., & Griffiths, R. R. (2014). Pilot study of the 5-HT2AR agonist psilocybin in the treatment of tobacco addiction. Journal of Psychopharmacology, 28(11), 983-992. doi:10.1177/0269881114548296

 

Kaertner, L. S., Steinborn, M. B., Kettner, H., Spriggs, M. J., Roseman, L., Buchborn, T., . . . Carhart-Harris, R. L. (2021). Positive expectations predict improved mental-health outcomes linked to psychedelic microdosing. Scientific Reports, 11(1). doi:10.1038/s41598-021-81446-7

 

Krebs, T. S., & Johansen, P. (2012). Lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD) for alcoholism: Meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. Journal of Psychopharmacology, 26(7), 994-1002. doi:10.1177/0269881112439253

 

Krebs, T. S., & Johansen, P. (2013). Psychedelics and Mental Health: A Population Study. PLoS ONE, 8(8). doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0063972

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Leone, M. A., Vigna-Taglianti, F., Avanzi, G., Brambilla, R., & Faggiano, F. (2010). Gamma-hydroxybutyrate (GHB) for treatment of alcohol withdrawal and prevention of relapses. Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews. doi:10.1002/14651858.cd006266.pub2

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Mash, D. C., Duque, L., Page, B., & Allen-Ferdinand, K. (2018). Ibogaine Detoxification Transitions Opioid and Cocaine Abusers Between Dependence and Abstinence: Clinical Observations and Treatment Outcomes. Frontiers in Pharmacology, 9. doi:10.3389/fphar.2018.00529

 

Mithoefer, M. C., Wagner, M. T., Mithoefer, A. T., Jerome, L., & Doblin, R. (2011). MDMA-assisted psychotherapy may help individuals with treatment-resistant PTSD. PsycEXTRA Dataset. doi:10.1037/e717552011-010

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Mithoefer, M. C., Feduccia, A. A., Jerome, L., Mithoefer, A., Wagner, M., Walsh, Z., . . . Doblin, R. (2019). MDMA-assisted psychotherapy for treatment of PTSD: Study design and rationale for phase 3 trials based on pooled analysis of six phase 2 randomized controlled trials. Psychopharmacology, 236(9), 2735-2745. doi:10.1007/s00213-019-05249-5

 

Moreno, F. A., Wiegand, C. B., Taitano, E. K., & Delgado, P. L. (2006). Safety, Tolerability, and Efficacy of Psilocybin in 9 Patients With Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder. The Journal of Clinical Psychiatry, 67(11), 1735-1740. doi:10.4088/jcp.v67n1110

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Noller, G. E., Frampton, C. M., & Yazar-Klosinski, B. (2017). Ibogaine treatment outcomes for opioid dependence from a twelve-month follow-up observational study. The American Journal of Drug and Alcohol Abuse, 44(1), 37-46. doi:10.1080/00952990.2017.1310218

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Nugent, A. C., Ballard, E. D., Gould, T. D., Park, L. T., Moaddel, R., Brutsche, N. E., & Zarate, C. A. (2018). Ketamine has distinct electrophysiological and behavioral effects in depressed and healthy subjects. Molecular Psychiatry, 24(7), 1040-1052. doi:10.1038/s41380-018-0028-2

 

Oehen, P., Traber, R., Widmer, V., & Schnyder, U. (2012). A randomized, controlled pilot study of MDMA (±3,4-Methylenedioxymethamphetamine)-assisted psychotherapy for treatment of resistant, chronic Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD). Journal of Psychopharmacology, 27(1), 40-52. doi:10.1177/0269881112464827

 

Ross, S., Bossis, A., Guss, J., Agin-Liebes, G., Malone, T., Cohen, B., . . . Schmidt, B. L. (2016). Rapid and sustained symptom reduction following psilocybin treatment for anxiety and depression in patients with life-threatening cancer: A randomized controlled trial. Journal of Psychopharmacology, 30(12), 1165-1180. doi:10.1177/0269881116675512

 

Rucker, J. J., Jelen, L. A., Flynn, S., Frowde, K. D., & Young, A. H. (2016). Psychedelics in the treatment of unipolar mood disorders: A systematic review. Journal of Psychopharmacology, 30(12), 1220-1229. doi:10.1177/0269881116679368

 

Santos, R. G., Balthazar, F. M., Bouso, J. C., & Hallak, J. E. (2016). The current state of research on ayahuasca: A systematic review of human studies assessing psychiatric symptoms, neuropsychological functioning, and neuroimaging. Journal of Psychopharmacology, 30(12), 1230-1247. doi:10.1177/0269881116652578

 

Serafini, G., Howland, R., Rovedi, F., Girardi, P., & Amore, M. (2014). The Role of Ketamine in Treatment-Resistant Depression: A Systematic Review. Current Neuropharmacology, 12(5), 444-461. doi:10.2174/1570159x12666140619204251

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Speth, J., Speth, C., Kaelen, M., Schloerscheidt, A. M., Feilding, A., Nutt, D. J., & Carhart-Harris, R. L. (2016). Decreased mental time travel to the past correlates with default-mode network disintegration under lysergic acid diethylamide. Journal of Psychopharmacology, 30(4), 344-353. doi:10.1177/0269881116628430

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Taylor, G. T., & Manzella, F. (2016). Kappa Opioids, Salvinorin A and Major Depressive Disorder. Current Neuropharmacology, 14(2), 165-176. doi:10.2174/1570159x13666150727220944

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Treston, G., Bell, A., Cardwell, R., Fincher, G., Chand, D., & Cashion, G. (2009). What is the nature of the emergence phenomenon when using intravenous or intramuscular ketamine for paediatric procedural sedation? Emergency Medicine Australasia, 21(4), 315-322. doi:10.1111/j.1742-6723.2009.01203.x

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